![]() ![]() To copy the content of a file to a new file in the same directory, enter cp followed by the source file and the destination file: To copy files to a directory, enter the file names followed by the destination directory:Ĭp filename1.txt filename2.txt filename3.txt /home/username/Documents To copy one file from the current directory to another, enter cp followed by the file name and the destination directory. Use the cp command to copy files or directories and their content. tac filename.txt displays content in reverse order. ![]() cat filename1.txt filename2.txt > filename3.txt merges filename1.txt and filename2.txt and stores the output in filename3.txt.Here are other ways to use the cat command: To run the cat command, type cat followed by the file name and its extension. It lists, combines, and writes file content to the standard output. ls -lh shows the file sizes in easily readable formats, such as MB, GB, and TB.Ĭoncatenate, or cat, is one of the most frequently used Linux commands.ls -a shows hidden files in addition to the visible ones.ls -R lists all the files in the subdirectories.Here are some options you can use with the ls command: For example, to view files in the Documents folder, enter: To see other directories’ content, type ls followed by the desired path. Running it without a flag or parameter will show the current working directory’s content. The ls command lists files and directories within a system. cd ~ goes to another user’s home directory.Here are some shortcuts to help you navigate: If you want to switch to a completely new directory, for example, /home/username/Movies, you have to enter cd followed by the directory’s absolute path: Let’s say you’re in /home/username/Documents and want to go to Photos, a subdirectory of Documents. Keep in mind that only users with sudo privileges can execute it. Running this command without an option will take you to the home folder. Depending on your current working directory, it requires either the full path or the directory name. To navigate through the Linux files and directories, use the cd command. -P or –physical prints the actual path of the current directory.-L or –logical prints environment variable content, including symbolic links.The pwd command uses the following syntax: ![]() Simply entering pwd will return the full current path – a path of all the directories that starts with a forward slash ( /). Use the pwd command to find the path of your current working directory.
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